|
1
堠 4
...........................................................3
.........................5
................................................6
..........................................................................7
Rank
Xerox: 25
................................................9
............................................................................10
........................................................11
,
.........................13
...............................................................................13
....................................................15
................................................16
..................................................................................17
..........................................................................18
...................................................................................19
..............................................20
..............................................................................21
...........................................................................21
...................................................................................22
....................................................24
........................................................................25
1
,
.
, ,
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
________________________________________________
:
("" - ,
"" - ) 1938
, -. ,
Haloid
"". 50- Haloid Company Rank Organization
. Rank Xerox.
Xerox
70- .
, .
Xerox
- , Canon, Ricoh Sharp.
""
. , , , Xerox Rank Xerox
Rank Xerox Ltd.
.
, .
-
: ,
(low-volume copiers), (middle-volume copiers),
(high- volume copiers)
( ).
:
,
.
. ,
. , .
. .
. ... . ? ,
, ,
, , ,
. :
- $800-1000;
3000 - $100-110; - 30000 ,
- 300-500 . ,
, ,
. , ,
, 8-10 ,
-. -
. ,
- 10-15 . -
.
- ,
. , ,
- , ,
. ,
"" 100 - ,
:
, ,
, ,
. - 400 -
,
,
. -
. . , -
4 $0.5. .
, !
, .
,
. . , ,
- .
low, middle high-volume, .
.
, ,
. ,
, 3,
.
(ADF RDF)
() (
-).
5-6 . 8-10,
- 3-4. (
- ,
).
Ricoh, Canon, Rank Xerox, Mita Sharp,
, Toshiba. ,
,
"" .
- Minolta, Kodak Konica.
)
. 4
"" .
,
.
)
- ,
.
, , ,
.
)
- ,
. - 4 (210297 ) 3 (297420
). , - 4 (250354 ),
Letter (811 , 216279 ) Legal (8x14 , 216356 ).
1)
(portable copiers):
-
- 4;
-
5-6 ;
-
- 500 ;
:
- , ,
.
: Canon FC-330, Canon PC-330, Xerox 5220,
Canon PC-310, Sharp Z-20, Mita CC-10.
2)
(low-volume copiers):
-
- 4 (3);
-
- 4 (3);
-
10-15 ;
-
- 1500-2500 ;
:
.
: Canon NP-1215, Canon NP-1550, Xerox
5310, Sharp SF-7800, Ricoh FT-3313, Xerox 5316, Xerox 5317, Canon NP-1010,
Sharp SF-7370.
3)
(middle-volume copiers):
-
3;
-
3;
-
- 15-30 4, 10-20 3 ;
-
- 10000 ;
:
,
- ,
..
: Xerox 5331, Xerox 5332, Ricoh FT-4222,
Ricoh FT-4220.
4)
(high-volume copiers):
-
2;
-
2;
-
- 40-80 4 ;
- /
;
-
- 15000 ;
:
-,
, ,
.
: Xerox 5343, Xerox 5352, Ricoh FT-6655,
Xerox 5340, Canon NP-6650, Xerox 5380.
5)
:
.
, , ,
,
..
: Milta DC-A0, Xerox
2515, Xerox 2520, Ricoh FW-810, Xerox 3050.
:
Canon CLC-10, Canon CLC-350, Xerox 5760, Canon CLC-550, Canon CLC-800, Xerox
Majestic.
. .
4 $500-600 (, Canon
FC/PC, Sharp Z20/50, Sanyo FT50). -
(
). ,
(5-8 ).
"",
: , ,
( 0), ,
(), , ,
, , ..
$250 .
, "" ,
, .
Konica.
. ,
Konica U-bix V, ,
8-10 .
Konica
( ) .
(developing unit), ,
, , .
,
, ,
. Konica
.
(Canon, Rank Xerox, Ricoh .) ,
.
Konica.
"",
Konica , .
.
. , , , ,
, .
,
" ",
.
, . ,
,
. 3-10
.
, , , , ,
, .
,
Konica, U-bix.
, Konica U-bix
: , , , ,
, , .
Konica , .
.
RANK
XEROX:
25
,
,
, .
""...
Rank
Xerox ,
- .
, - - . ,
Rank Xerox
...
, .
-, :
( 5
). ,
. ,
Xerox 5026 ( 1000 000
- 550 5 ),
, .
-,
.
.
:
- .
,
,
, .
Rank Xerox ,
.
, , , 25
.
________________________________________________
(
, ) ,
, , ,
.
, - .
- ,
. ,
1:4 1:3, 10
80- .
. , , ,
ASCII, ,
( )
60- 70- .
, ""
,
, , "",
.
"" .
, .
, ,
.
:
-
;
-
;
-
;
-
.
20 ,
.
,
(Impact Dot Matrix - IDM)
. ,
, , .
- .
,
9 24 ,
.
.
() ,
().
.
0.25
( ) 180 (
dpi - dots per inch).
"" (
- 240-360 ). , ,
.
( Near Letter Quality - NLQ)
.
(
88 ), 24-,
, , . ,
9 , ,
, ,
(
25-500 ).
, "" (
, ),
(, )
,
..
4 (
) 3 ( ), ,
, .
() ,
.
Centronics
RS232,
1-30 .
. ,
, 165-1600 ,
- .
Epson, Lexmark, Brother, Citizen, Kyosera,
Mannesman, Okidata, Star Micronics, Apple .
, ,
,
.
, , ,
, , . .
, ,
..
Epson.
.
.
, .
.
.
,
,
, , ,
.
, ,
, ,
( - ).
( 200 ),
, 40-120 .
,
,
. ,
, , .
,
() .
, IBM QuietWriter,
1988 ,
. , ,
( Panasonic FX),
.
, ,
. 15
, ,
10 ( 720 ).
, .
, .
, .
""
, (
256), (
- ). ()
, .
(),
,
(extra-adsorbent paper) .
Thinkjet Hewlett-Packard
, ,
150 . -
, .
, ,
300-360 300600 ,
( ) - .
50-160 ,
- 0.5-4 .
Hewlett-Packard, Apple, Brother, Lexmark,
Texas Instruments, CalComp .
5
4,
. , 150-200 ,
, , ,
,
.
( ), ,
.
,
,
(, ),
. ,
, ,
, (
).
, ,
- .
.
.
, , ,
- (),
-
,
300-1200 . ,
, , ,
.
,
, , Resolution Enhancement Technology (RET)
Hewlett-Packard, Xerox
.
,
.
, ,
(Ventura Publisher, Aldus
PageMaker),
(desk publishing).
, ,
1 .
,
4 20 ( ) 4 (3) , .
. 160-2000 ,
.
( )
,
( ) 1500-20000 ,
..
( 0.5-1 ).
,
.
1-4
.
490-10000
, ,
(. ).
Hewlett-Packard,
Lexmark, Texas Instruments, C. Itoh, Digital, Okidata, Sharp, QMS .
,
( ),
Canon.
( ) , ,
,
,
.
600-1200 ,
8 , ,
, 2000 .
,
,
.
.
RS232,
Ethernet, Token Ring .
,
( - Epson,
- Hewlett-Packard).
,
. , Windows 3.1
500 .
(, ""
).
( , ,
) ,
,
. ,
- Page Description Language (PDL),
,
. (PCL
Hewlett-Packard, Interpress Xerox, DDL Imagen )
- PostScript, Adobe.
, ,
PostScript-
, (PostScript Level
2) .
PCL ( 4, 5).
Type 1 (
Adobe)
TrueType, Apple. "
, ", TrueType
.
, .
( 600 ) , ,
-, -
,
.
,
,
.
.
________________________________________________
.
,
. - .
1989 . ,
.
. 150
, (Handy scanner)
OCR (Optical Character Recognition).
,
. ,
. .
,
1984-1987 . 250 .
,
(" ") ,
..
,
, ,
, -
.
, ..
.
, , ,
.
.
.
, ,
. "
", " " " "
( " ").
. ,
, ,
.
.
,
.
,
, (
, - ).
, ,
.
4- 16 .
8- 256 . ,
,
" ",
1- .
- . 1-
, .
, ,
, .
" ".
.
" ".
1-
- ,
" ". ""
(
).
" " (" "),
""
. -,
. -,
,
, ""
.
, , .
.
,
. ,
.
.
.
, ,
.
.
, ,
.
.
.
. ,
,
.
. ,
.
""
( ),
.
, ,
.
.
, ,
, .
, .
,
.
.
( 400
). 2,5
(6,4 ) .
. ,
,
.
.
1989 .
,
. JX-450
Sharp Scanmaster Howtek .
. Hovtek
Sharp ,
.
,
.
,
( "office", "legal", "invoice",
"tabloid" 3, 4, 4 5).
.
GPIB IEEE-488
. ,
. ,
,
.
,
1217 (305402 ).
8-
- 2 , .
.
MacScan-It Howtek .
PixeScan Sharp,
, , ,
. MacScan
. ,
.
.
,
.
.
:
-
,
,
.
-
,
. ,
.
-
.
-
.
-
,
.
!
ࠠ &
-
10
(28 c 1995)
HARD'n'SOFT
8
( 1995)
IBM PC ( 2)
"" 1991
xso[1]lhd`^*[fWhU [1]Q[1]N[1]
[1]
H
[1]
A[1]
[1][1]w[1]u[1]rnkgeba^b[cWeU[1]
H[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
e
x
v
rI
kK
fb
c$_&]#Y#W)$T+$Q-$O[1][1][1][1]
[1][1]
$
$[1]
-$E$wF$s$o$kC%ge%c&_&['W'U
(R(P-$O[1][1]
(I(w(s(n:)ji)f)b)^)\)X*T*O*K-$
*
+w+s+q+m,i,d<-`k-\-X-V-R.N-$
..v/r/n%0j(0hP0dC1`1\1X2Tq2Ps2N-$
s22v2t|BpBnBjBgBeHa@J]CJ[MJWJP-$
$
$
[1]
JJtKpKn[1]Lj
Lh‑Rd Rb?R^AR\O_XQ_TcPcN
$
[1]
ccwcuiqiojkjiueuc8u_:u]YWS
yAuCsUoWmig‑c
al]o[xWP$
$
yus8o]k_iec-_/]PYRWhS
hjyzu|somigԻcֻa][WU
H
vrni ec`Իcֻa][WU
H
[1]
H
i[1]WJ=h0c`Իc
<
‑{[1]<
[1]h
<
‑|[1]
h
nn$axaa>aaaTaTbG
T
<
‑
<
‑{[1]h
[1]h
ben a8
a
a
T
G
GI
GK
Gb
DbG
[1]<
<‑h
<
‑Th
<
‑T
<
‑
b
p@
p$p&cc c@‑c c#c#c$`+$`-$Uh
<‑T[1]<
<
‑Th
<
‑T
-$C%p&p'p'p'm
(m(mK(jm(_(_(_:)\)\)\)\[1]<
<
‑T[1]<
[1]<
<
‑T)*p6*pd*p*p*m+m+m+m+b+bP,b,b<-_-_-_[1]<
[1]<
<
‑T[1]<
<
‑T--x-m
.mF.mz.m.m/j%0j'0j(0hP0hC1]1Zq2Z-_[1]<
<
‑T<[1]<
<
‑T[1]<
q2s2n2a2T4GV7G<G?Gf@G|BG(0hP0hC1]
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<‑h
<
‑h |B~BnBaBaBaBTECTDTFTHT@JTBJTCJQMJQT[1]<
<
‑Th
<‑h
<‑Th
MJJxJmKbKW[1]LJ
LJ`M=
P=P=Q=B
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑ T
<
‑X
T
<
‑T[1]<
QQnQnQn‑Rn
Rn?RlARlVT_V_sX_Z_[_=]_]_^_‑
<
‑Th<
<
‑Th^Q_nancncncacTeGhGiGiGZ_[_
<
‑Th
<‑h
<
‑h
<
‑Th
ijnjn3la7oapa]rarauaua8uT:uT[_
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
<
‑h
:uxn{n}ni~nznBn(nnnnaa TAT
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
ACnUaWaTTTT‑G Gnaa
<
‑h
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
nlnnnokxkh[NNAa
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th[1]<
[1]<
<
‑Th
n'nxnn8n]a_aDTTTTTTT
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
nnn-a/aT
TPTRThGjGT
<
‑h
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
jn`nnnȱnnzn|naaTLT
TLT
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
LָnrnnnaԻaֻaTT}TRT TWTT
<
‑Th
<
‑h
<
‑Th
naaTMKKKKKK KW<<[1]‑
<‑l
xh
<
‑5[1]Th
<
‑Th
@yYy[yoyyyyyyKK KW<<[1]‑
<‑l
xh
<
‑5[1]Th
<
‑T< f[1]=/2!5
9[1]8
(
[1]
[1]
[1][1]I[1]JkK
fb
c$_&]#Y#W)$T+$Q-$O[1][1][1][1]
[1][1]
$
$[1]
‑[1]
;U‑i'/9 A
I
P
fY
b
jt|˅1|ji)f)b)^)\)X*T*O*K-$
Times New Roman Cyr
Wingdings
Tms Rmn (WR)X-V-R.N-$
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
|
|
|
|
| |
