- 3 -
1 1.1 BME E EMEE B............... 4 1.1.1 AEE EAE E
H EE...................................... 6 1.1.2 G EEBEME...................... 9 1.2 ME G ................................... 11 1.2.1 ME............................................. 11 1.2.2 AE EE...................................
12 1.2.3 ʁEE ........................................
14 1.2.4 A E ............................. 16
2 2.1 EBEEEEEE.......................... 18 2.2 EEEEE "E"........................
22 2.3 E EE E H EE.................. 24 2.4 ΁EGEEEEEBEE................................ 27
3 3.1 MEEBEM E............................ 54 3.1.1
AZE@EG.................................... 54 3.1.2
CEEE.......................................... 57 3.2 B EBEM E......................... 59 3.2.2 IEB EBEM EEEEE............. 64 3.3 GEEEEEE.................................... 65 AZE@FG............................................ 67 сEEE............................................... 68
- 4 -
1 1.1 BME E EMEE B. E
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- 6 - 6. CEEMEEH.
JEE ZE ZE EEQE EBEEE D E EME EE E EP E DE EJ EBEE R EE EQE. 1.1.1. AEE
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- 7 -
N1
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((1/3)*K[mi-2]+(1/3)*[mi-1]+(1/3)*K[mi])/3 (3) _ Kmin - EE ECEH EE _ max - EE ECEH EE _ _ Kmax = Kmin
+ W[mi] * (1/3) (4) W[mi] = DEZEEEG. _
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EPEEGEEED GE
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- 8 -
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P[k,j]
(8)
j=1 Q1[k] - ED - IEEk- GE
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j=1 Q1[k] - ED - IEEk- GE
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- 9 - T[mi,k] - JEGEEk- GE Emi-K EE.
U[k] S[k] = Q2[k]
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- 11 - 1.2.1 ME. KAMEEEE() EE@E
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- 12 - 3. AQE GE@ELBEE E @EDL @EJBE@E, EEE EE, EEM EA EME E 4. CEB EE, @E EGE E EEEQEE@E, EEE EE EGEEM EEE E IEAE. 5. EKME EEE EEA EEEEM @G EH.
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AGEM E EEE EA E E EE EDEAE. E @ E IEAE: @EE EIEE EEE EEE GE, EE EEEE EEE E, E LBEEEBEM @EG EEEEGEEA EEA EGEE A EEA EE EBEZE EL E AEAEAEEEBGGE AEL EEE
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- 14 - E EBEME E EE @EG C@E EEEIEEEE, E EJ E@EE EEEEH AQ EEE.
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- 16 - H E
EEE @EE GPE
EBEEABE E ED E
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Pascal ver. 7.0. EEEJ, -E, E EBEZEEE E-A, EJ EECEH EBE EEH. BEEE @E E
- 17 - EEE DE@ EE EEEE ZE L, EE EE E, DBASE-.
JEA EA EM E ELE @EE ED GEEEHZEEEE āE AG A EEEE E E -EEEE EEEEE EBEE , EEE EJ E D EE EA, EJ EE EA, D EEEE E āE ED@E EE EE- AH, EEE. EEE EEE EEE EEE E EEE EE EE. EEEG E" ". EEL EREEED , , @ED E LEE, EE E EEL, EEE EDG, EE EED EEE. EEE EE E EEC E EE. @E E EE @R ECE- L E EE EE JE EE EEEEEEE EE.
- 18 - 2 2.1 EBEEH. E EBEE EE, @E@E
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- 19 -
A ABEEI F, EEE E EEH
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- 20 -
E E EIE ÁEBE EE, EEE E EE H EE( ݁E 5). E E EEE
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- 21 - EA E L. JEAE EECMM CEE E DJEE
A L CMM, E EREEBEE EEE
L EE EEG EAE. EE JEAE C
HZEE GEE CEEM ME E ,
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- 22 - 2.2 EBEM EEEEE
Ŀ


main



Ŀ

Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ

Ŀ Spr_work
saldo_work Regimes bank
ٳ


Ŀ ĿĿ Ŀ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Greatbook
salarywork Copybook
ٳ



8 Ŀ Ŀ
Ŀ 8
28 8 8 14 12 13
8 14 22 23 24
Ŀ
2
9 8 10 11 12 13 14 5 1

3 4

8





Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ
Ŀ

load_crc check_begin
good


querryparo creatcrc morning

6
7
8 9


Ŀ Ŀ ĿĿ
loadwindow savewindow global

salary




11
12 13 Ŀ 14
15 16 17 18 21

19 20
Ŀ ĿĿ Ŀ
checksalary1 Load_data_file save_data_file
input_key


- 23 - 15 16
17 18



Ŀ Ŀ
Ŀ Ŀ

readfileinfo writetable readtable edittable



19
20
21
Ŀ


17 25 16
Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ
26
printtable
creatfield
clearfield
22
23 24
25 26


Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ
Ŀ
add sub
nalogs help editwindow

27
28

Ŀ Ŀ

search

great

- 24 - 2.3 E EE E E.

Ŀ
CEE f1,f4
n = fsize (f1)

6
Ŀ 7
EDEE



Ŀ
EEEs
1 E



Ŀ
ww=0
xx =0
Ŀ
CEE
F2





Ŀ EDEf2 Ŀ


Ŀ
c F2 rr

Ŀ DE

mas.tab = rr.tab?




Ŀ

inc(ww ,rr.sum)




CEEF3
EGE



Ŀ EDEF3 Ŀ


Ŀ
c F3 rr

8
2
3
- 25 -
2
8 3
Ŀ DE

mas.tab = rr.tab?




Ŀ

inc(xx,rr.sum)





Ŀ
s.tab = mas.tab
s.name = mas.name
s.okl = mas.oklad
s.plus = ww
s.minuis = xx


Ŀ DE

E EE? Ŀ
dekl


Ŀ 4 dekl = 0



4
- 26 -
4

Ŀ Ŀ
dekl
< 10000000 Ĵ s.pn =(s.okl+ ww
- Ŀ


Ŀ

s.pn = (s.okl+ ww -

- xx -

- 833333) *0.2+

+100000






Ŀ
s.penf = (s.okl+ ww -
- xx)*0.01


Ŀ
s.itog = s.okl+ww[i] -xx[i]-
-s.pn - p.penf


Ŀ
E
s

6
7
Ŀ
EDE

- 27 - 2.4 ΁EGEmC EEGE EBEE
ÁEE EBEE

Ŀ


EEH EEEĿ

H EEĿ


@ EMEEE Ŀ

c IAEEEQĿ


EMEEHĿ

EE AĿ

EEE Ĵ
(saldo)

EBE E
Ĵ
global
E E EE Ĵ
save_data_file
E Ĵ
load_data_file
E E
ٳ
printtable


EGEL E E Ĵ
salary_great_book

L E IE Ĵ
scan_bank_for_great
EBE MEEE ٳ
global



C EZEEGEĴ
global

C @E ME Ĵ global

C EE IEٳ
global



- 28 -


EEGEEEĴ

salary

EBE EEĴ
global

DGEEE Ĵ
save_data_file

Ĵ
loads_data_file

E EE
printtable

EBE E Ĵ global

EBE EEGE
Ĵ
global


Ĵ
add

EGE
ٳ

sub


C EEE EE
Ĵ
global
EEEEH EE ٳ
search


Ĵ
global
EE Ĵ
global

B @EEE Ĵ
global
E Ĵ
global

EGEEMEE Ĵ
read_min_salary
E
global
- 29 - Ŀ CE GE E C.



spr_work CE H
salary.dat
salary.dat
E spr2.arm spr2.arm
spr3.arm spr3.arm
spr4.arm spr4.arm
spr5.arm spr5.arm spr6.arm spr6.arm
audit.arm audit.arm


Saldo_work
CEEE A
great.arm

saldo.arm

saldo.arm saldo.ind
saldo.ind saldo.sav
saldo.sav prn




Great CEEMEEH Great.arm great.arm
bank3.arm prn


sal.arm



copybook CEEEH copybook.arm copybook.arm EH




salary_work CEEME sal.arm
sal.arm EE
sal.sav sal.sav

sal.ind sal.ind




salary
FGEEE
salary3.arm
sal.arm



add EEGE spr1.arm
salary1.arm
spsotr.arm




sub EE spr2.arm
salary2.arm
salary1.arm





nalogs
EE salary2.arm salary3.arm
spnal.arm

search
G EEH EE Copybook.arm ttt.arm




bank.arm CE E IA
bank1.arm bank1.arm EEQE bank2.arm

bank2.arm

bank3.arm bank3.arm cck_salary1 E C spsotr.arm
IEEE
spr6.arm






chk_slalry2E C spsotr.arm
IEECEE fonds.dat




- 30 - CEWindenv
Savewindow(x1,y1,x2,y2:byte;
var a:buffertype)
FE E@MEEE D EEJEH
@EEEE
x1,y1,x2,y2 - ʁEE@EEEE E- EELE, EE M E@EE.
loadwindow(x1,y1,x2,y2:byte;
var a:buffertype)
BE EEJEE @EEEE EEM
R EGH Savewindow, EBE@R
EE, EE E@EE
EEE E E M, @ E,
D @EM EA, EE.
x1,y1,x2,y2 - ʁEE@EE EE
E- EE@MEEE, EE @EE CEInter EE
Max(a,b:integer):integer
FEEE Ea Eb. EE
Min(a,b:integer):integer
FEEGEE EEEb.
- 31 - curs_off
EEA EEDEE Error(s:string);
F EQ EEIM EM ED@E
EEEED
@GE@ IE, EE
E EE
s - сE @ IE. Input(x,y,l:byte;var
s:string;w:settype)
LE EGECE FE CEE
LH E CE DE EJE FE
EE EE"E","EE, Del,Backspase.
FE EE E E JG, E-
MEUndo.
x,y - ʁEECH E EE
l - EE
ECH E.
s - IEE
JG. DE E
E. E EGECEE EE
ESC, E EE E.
w - M E EJA.
- 32 - CEFiles2 EE
FOpen(FName:string;FMode:Word):Word
A . FEEEE IE L
EELE Fsuccess EE
E False.
Fname - ȁE E
Fmode - (0 - EE E,1
- EE E,
2 - E E, E E.) EE
FCreate(FName:String;FAttr:Word):Word
F A . FEEEE
IE L EELE Fsuccess EE
False.
FName - ȁE E
FAttr - E E EE
FRead(Handle,Segment,Offset,Bytes:Word):Word
E ABEEI. IE E L
EELE Fsuccess EE
False. FEEE
EEEHZEA.
ndle - JAI E
Segment - EQ E E@MEEE, EE
EGCE .
- 33 -
Offset - сEGE E@EECMEM E@ME
EE.
Bytes - сEEE A D@E EHE EE
FWrite(Handle,Segment,Offset,Bytes:Word):Word EEA I EE. IE E L EELE Fsuccess EE false. FE EE EEEL A.
ndle - JAI E
Segment - EQ E E@MEEE,
EE
EGC .
Offset - сEGE E@EECMEM E@ME
EE.
Bytes - сEEE A D@E E.
FClose(Handle:Word)
A . IE L EELE
Fsuccess EE False. ndle
- JAI E
FSeek(Handle:Word; PosPnt:LongInt) EEABEE
IE L EELE Fsuccess EE
False.
ndle - JAI E
PosPnt - MEEEGE.
- 34 - EE
FTell(Handle:Word):LongInt FEE E IE L EELE
Fsuccess EE
False.
ndle - JAI E EE
FSize(FName:String;FAttr:Word):LongInt FE EE. IE L EELE Fsuccess EE
False. FName
- ȁE E FAttr
- EE CEField EBEEEE
EZE@EEE EEE EED EAE"EE". G @EG: type ftype=array
[1..32000] of word fieldtype=record field: ^ftype; tc,tb:byte; xmax,ymax:integer;
currentx,currenty:integer; end; EE creatfield(var
T:fieldtype;X,Y:integer):integer F ELBEE FEEEE. T - E. X - EEE QE
- 35 - Y - EEE E
clearfield(var T:fieldtype;Beg:integer;Textc,Textb:byte) R E EE E E EE. T - E. Beg - IEE EEE H. Textc - E EE. Textb - EE.
Window_To_Field(T:fieldtype;X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Xx,Yy:integer) FE EEJEE @EEEEEE āE EEH EGED@E, @E @EE EEE EEEEE E@EE T - E. X1,Y1,X2,Y2
- EA @EE EE Xx,Yy - ʁEE@EE E

field_to_window(T:fieldtype;X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Xx,Yy:integer) C
E E. āE EEH EGE D@E,
@E@EED E EE E EEEEE
E@EE T - E X1,Y1 - ʁEEE D E @EE X2,Y2 - ʁEEEBEGEE @EE Xx,Yy - ʁEE@EE E
- 36 -

put_char(T:fieldtype;X,Y:integer;Sym,Textc,Textb:byte) C
EEEJ E L EAEEL K E EK . T - E. X,Y - ʁEEEE Sym - C EJE Textc - EE. Textb - E.
deletefield(var T:fieldtype) E E@E EE,E .
T - E. CEData
strtotable(X,Y,L:integer;Source:arr;T:fieldtype) C
EE E EJA. X,Y - EA EE L - EEE EE. Soure - E EEE E. T - E.
numtotable(X,Y,L:integer;D:longint;T:fieldtype) C EEEEE X,Y - EA EE L - EEE EEE. D - CD E T - E.
- 37 -
tabletostr(X,Y,L:integer;var S:string;T:fieldtype); EE E X,Y -
EA EE
L - EEE EEE.
S - IE EE EEE EE.
T - E. CETypes ΁EGEEE
rectype= record
len :word;
typ: char;
end; E @E EE E L.
len - EEE EEEEEGE
typ - EEE.
fileinfo= record
Name:string[20];
Size:longint;
Nf:byte;
Ptr:longint;
Names:longint;
LNames:longint;
end;
- 38 - E E EE L.
Name - ȁE EBEE E
Size - . Nf - E EEEE. Ptr - EE @E EEE
Names - EE EEE LNames
- āE EEE EEE
schet=record
Cod:string[10];
Name:string[30];
Debet,Kredit:longint;
end; EEA. Cod - C E Name - ȁE E
Debet - E Kredit - EE
windowtype=record
X1,Y1:byte;
X2,Y2:byte;
Save:buffertype;
X,Y:integer;
NF:integer;
Currentline:integer;
currentrow:integer;
priority:longint;
end;
- 39 - E @E @EE "IM" EEEBEELBE . X1,Y1 - ʁEEE D E I EE X2,Y2 - ʁEEEBEGEE I EE Save - , E@EI. X,Y - ʁEEI E D E EE
NF - K E,
EEEM IM. Currenline - E E EE Currentrow - EE EE
Priority - A
I. fnw =
record
Dat:Date;
F:string[25];
Tab:string[10];
Sum:longint;
Cod:string[10];
end;
EE EEGE
Dat - EE.
F - E
GE.
Tab - E MEE
Sum - E.
Cod - C E. - 40 -
sp_nal = record
Kod:string[10];
Name:string[25];
Val:string[15];
end; EEEEEE
Kod - C E.
Name - GEE.
Val - EE.
string1=string[15];
pl_p=record
Numb:longint;
D:date;
Source::string[30];
Bank1:string[30];
Cod1:string[10];
Dest:string[30];
Bank2:string[30];
Cod2:string[10];
Debet:string[10];
Credit:string[10];
Sum:longint;
Target:string[30];
end;
- 41 -
EEEEZEEGE
Numb - K EM EG. D - E
Source - ρEEE
Bank1 - EEEE
Cod1 - C
EEE
Dest - JE
Bank2 - EEEE.
Cod2 - C
EEE.
Debet - EE. Crtedit - . Sum - E.
Target - GE
great_book_type=record
num:longint;
target:string[30];
sum:longint;
cod1,cod2:string[15];
end;
- 42 - EEEMEEE
Num - AA MEE
Target - GEEE
Sum - E.
Cod1 - EE.
Cod2 -
. levels=record
L:longint;
Coeff:string[15]; end; EEEE
L - EE
Coeff - ʁEQ.
Sp_sotr= record
Tab:string[10];
Name:string[25];
Raz:longint;
Oklad:longint;
Prof:string[6];
Obosnov:string[30];
end;
- 43 - EEEGEE
Tab - E
MEE
Name - ...
Raz - EE
Oklad - ΁EE
Prof - ׁEPEEEE. Obosnov - A IE.
spr_nw=record Kod:string[10]; Name:string[30]; end; EEEE. od - C E. Name - EMGEE. index=record Beg:longint; Key:date; Len:longint; end; EEEMEE
Beg - E L.
- ʁEE E
Len - āE L.
- 44 - Sal=record Num:longint; Dd:date; Tab:string[10]; Oklad:longint; Pn:longint; Penf:longint; Ost:longint; Plus:longint; Minus:longint; Itog:longint; end; E EEEE.
Num - K
E EEE
Dd - E
Tab - E
MEE
Oklad - ΁E.
Pn - CFCZEEE
Penf - EZEC.
Ost - I.
Plus - EG. Minus - E.
Itog - E.
- 45 - CEMain Readfileinfo(Number:integer;var R:rec; var Name:string1;
var N:integer; var Aon:strarr)
EEE E EEE.
Number - K E
R -
E EEEE E EE
E JEEEEQA, JEEEEEE
EE
Name - ȁE
E
N -
JEEEEEEE
Aon - E EEE EEEE E
E JEEEEQA, JEEEEEE
EE EE Exists(Fname:string1):boolean
EE EA GEE E
FETrue, E , EFalse EECME.
Fname - ȁE E
Check_begin
EA B@MEEBEE
E EAE
EE @CMEEE, EE GE
D@EEL A E EE Vmenu(Size,Current, X1,Y1,Len,Mask:byte):integer
EE @EEBEEE DE E
JE, E EEI EE EE EE
- 46 -
FEMEEM EEQE
Size - EEEE E E
Current - K EEQE EEEGEE
X1,Y1 - ʁEEEBEEEQE
Len - āE EEQA.
Mask - , EE, EEEE
EEJE
EELBEEEQE Translate(S:string;var Ns:string)
EE G EEE ZE
EEEE
S - LE E.
Ns - A E. Input_key(var S:string;Ss:string;L:byte;W:settype) E EEIM EEEDEEE E BE EGEED D EE
S - E E. SS - IEEEE
L - EE EE.
W - M E
EJEEE.
- 47 - Querry_parole EE EE EEEGE@E EEE EEEEKHE. EE
Is_number(S:string):boolean E, E E E K. S - EE E.
Stringtotable(S:string;X,Y:integer;T:fieldtype) EE EGJEE E EEE L EAE
S - IE X,Y
- ʁEEE EE
T - E.
Memcopy(P1,P2:pointer;L:word) EE EEE. P1 - E P2 - EEE L - āE E
Help(Index:integer) E E EEF1 E EQM- AQAZEHelp. Index - K EQE EE
StrtoDate(Str:string;var D:date):integer
- 48 - C
EEE L . FE 0 E
E. Str - IE E . D - E E EE
EGE EE
Move_file(Source,Dest:string1):integer @E.
FE0 E E, -1 E
DE EE,
-2 E IE E EE . Source - GEBEE Dest - ȁE M E Lines(T:fieldtype,R:rec;N,N1:integer)
E EEEEEEE E EEJA
EE JE EEE .
T - ȁE E
R - E E
@ EEE.
N - JEJA
EE N1 - JEEEE EE
Load_data_file(Fname:string1;D:date):integer EE E , L EEE- E EE E EE
Fname - ȁE E EEEREEEE .
D - ʁEE, E EEBEE EE
- 49 -
Good_morning(var D:string1) E EEE EEE E EB EE E . EEE EMEEG , E EEEE D . ED
EE- E EE
E JG EECEEEEE "E. D - E EEE. EE
Writetable(Nl,Fp:integer;R:rec;Nr:integer; Fname:string;
Reclen:integer;N:integer;T:fieldtype):integer; EE
EGC E E FE0 E E. Nl - K E
E EEEEGCE E. Fp - FE EE
EEEEGCE E. R - E E@ EEE Nr - EEEE
E Fname - ȁE E EEED@E E E Reclen - āE E EE. N - JEJA EE T - ȁE E EE
Readtable(Nl,Fp:integer;R:rec;var Nr:integer;Fname:string;
Reclen:integer;N:integer;T:fieldtype;
var Eof:boolean):integer; EE
EGC E E FE0 E E. Nl - K E
E EEEEGCE E. Fp - FE EE
EEEEGCE E. R - E E@ EEE
- 50 - Nr - EEEE
E Fname - ȁE E EEED@E E E Reclen - āE E EE. N - JEJA EE T - ȁE E Eof - EUEE EE
Edittable(R:rec;Fname,D_date:string;T:fieldtype;
var Win:windowtype;Nw:integer;var Numberlines:integer;
N,Maxlines,Reclen:integer;var Filepos:longint;
Eof:boolean):integer; EE EE, EE EE EA EM EE EI, EEEEGC EA. ρEE EEF1 EGC EQM ALH EE. EE EE EE DE
R - E EE
EEEE
Fname - ȁE E EEE
E
D_date
- E EEE E JG EECE
T - ȁE E
Win - E
EEE E @ ID, E
EE E Nw - K I.
Numberlines - E L EEE
N - E JA EE
Maxlines - EEMEEE EEEEE
E E
Reclen
- āE E EEL E.
- 51 -
Filepos -
FE EE EEEGC EE
GE
Eof -
EUEEL.
Save_data_file(Fname:string1;D:date) E L EE EE EEE Fname - ȁE EL.
D - EEE
Printtable(T:fieldtype;Fname:string1;N:integer)
T - E. Fname
- ȁE E
N - āE EE E
Salary(D:date) E E EEEEE EBEGE , @M EEGEE EE EEG EER EE D - E . EE Check_Salary2(var N:longint):integer E EEGEEC IEECE H EE FE0, E EEEEE N - ԁEEH EE EE
Check_Salary1( var Errorline:integer):longint EE EA C IEEGEE H E E EEEEE 0. Errorline -
K IHMEE.
- 52 -
Global(First:integer)
EE. F EE E E L. First - K
EEE EEEBEEEEE.
Saldo E E E , EE EEE EME EE
Read_min_salary EEEE
EGEEMEH EE E E
E JG EEE E EGEEMEE.
E EGEE E D CE E JG
EEE0.
Search(Tn:string1) EEEEH EE EEE EE EE EIKEE. Tn - E MEEEIBEE.
Copy_book EEH EEE.
- 53 -
Great_book BE EÁEH EH, DL EDGE
Saldo_work
E E A EEJ EEE @M EBEE. C
EME E
E E I. salary_work EH EH GEE ER EE EJ EBEE E EEEE , E E.
- 54 -
3
3.1 MEEBEM E. 3.1.1 E B. H EEEE EBEM E E B. ME- H B@MEE @ELBEECEE E@EL EE EEEEK EE EEE EBE CE. CBE
E EEEGE, EEEE EEB@M EE L IEEEEE MZE AEE E G (). EE EDB@MEEGEM E CE. MECE E DEMEEEEH EAE EEG AE EEGE EEE EE EEEER E EEE CZE L, E CEE @E B@ME EC CME, EEE[ EE E AEB. āE GE
B EE EE EEEE EL, EEA EEEL. CEBM EEL EEE B .
1. EB ME (t ) - B
- 55 - , EEE LH ECEEED E CE - ECJEME E@E:
P(t ) = P(t >= t ), Et - ME CE; t - LE E 2. EB CE - B , EEE LH
ECEEEE EEE, @ EE Q(t )
= 1 - P(t ). 3. QB CEEE
(t) - EE ECMEB
MG CE E@EL EEQ
EEEEE E ECEED . (t) =
f(t) / P(t), Ef(t) - ECMEB CE EEEQ Et.
dQ(t) d
d
f(t) = = [1 -
P(t)] = - P(t).
dt
dt
dt EE EE (t) EP(t):
t P(t) = exp( - (t)dt ).
0
- 56 - ME EE =
const
P(t) = exp( - t ). EEEG AE E ECEE @EL
ME,
(t) - ECEEE EE 4. E CE T
- EED E E
HM CE T = tf(t)dt, 0 Et
- C (K-1) K- CE. E E CEET
EEEE
n T (t + t +...+ t )/n = (i/n) t ,
i=1 Et - EECEE;
n - EE CEE
5. ME T - EED E
EME - t ; E M @GEEEEE
CE - t ; EE CE
- t ; EE@EH
EAE B@ME- t : t = t + t + t
,
Et
- ME EEi- CE. - 57 -
n T = i/n t
,
i=1
En - EE CEE
āE EEE ""
F , MEEK
E AE EZE E
6. ʁEQ B K - B , E E
EB@MEEGEEEGJE EEQ EEEEG
E E: K = T / (T + T ).
CEEE E AEB , M
100%-MEB EE EEEM.
JZEEEE B EEEEE GE
R AE JB EBEAE,
E EDEAE EBEM .
AZEE@EG EEL EEEE B
EE B, EEEE EGEE EEE
EE, ER GE EE B
C DEZEEGZEE E EBEZEEEEA. 3.1.2 CEEE
JEA EEE EEE D@EEEE EEAE
EM E EBEEDEE EEEDEZEII.
EB ZE
- 58 - @EEEE
EECIJEEZEII. сEE EACEA,
D EG EE, G EE ZEII EEQEGE EEEEB E EE
EE J, EEIE, EL, EEM
ZE EEE B ZE EEG
AE.
EBEEEGEDE E E E @ IEE EEQ GE B E ECIJE EZE
II E IE E ZEE EL.
сEI N = (S * n) / V EMEGEN - EEED EE II EEBEE
LK CMGE EEE
H EE
S - EE EM ZEII, n - E ZEZEII,
V - E@pZEEL II. @pK, E E EEEE EEEBpE DEII, pEB LB EEEG G E pEE 1 , n >K
= S / (S+K+1), n <=K
E - EE ZEII (ELK 0),
S - EEZEII.
EG, CMGEDEE EE, E EEG
- 59 - AE @Z D E EZEII. āE E
EEE ELE E 1 , n
> K C = (S/(V-1)) /
((S+K+1)/(K+V))
EGEE
(a)/(b) EEE a!/b!*(a-b)! EE EE EE B S = 15 EZEII.
EG AE E @M 13
15 EZEII EG CMEMEIE. B
B ME EBEEEE
( 15! / (13! * 2!)) / (16! / (14! * 2!)) =
(14 * 15/ 2) / ((15*16)/2)= 14 /16 = 0.875 3.2 B EBEM E 3.2.1 EB EBEM E.
B -
CM J @E EME EEE D EEEE, E-EE, BE@ELBE @EG. ρE E EE, C EZE EE
E E EM EE E EE
CMG EEE IEAE E
ED E EGE EE EMEH - 60 - B E CMG E EE IEAE
.
BM EEEE EMEH B CME: EME E EQ EMEH B EEEZE E, I IEE EEEZEE.
݁EME E - E G EE-E EEE,L EGEMEE E.EMEEC E BEG. , AGE (EEEE, EEE,
BMEEEMEE:
GEEEEE BMH EME EGCEEE
EEG ;
E IA
BE ME
E EKEEEE
E CE ELBEEE A CEEEEEEEE;
EGEE AE, E E @EE E
E
@EE
E E IA EE ;
EGEEQE EEG E A,EECAE EE ;
E ME EEE E E E EEAM, E @E EBEZE E EL , @E ,
EH EEEG ;
DEB E EBEE EE
- 61 - EBEA
EE EEEEG ME E AGEEE;
EEEZEEE
ʁEQ EMEH B EEEZE JGE
EE ER EB EE @E
EE EGC EEEE, C EAEL
EEEZEE.
EIEE (E, @E EQE B) - EEE B EEG EEEE
- EE EEC E EGE E EGZE E IE EEL E
΁E B BMM EEE GE EMEH B EGC E EEG E K EE ME E AZE EEG CE BM E E EE @EGE EMEH
MEEEG EEMEEE ME
E @GE E
EA EEGE [12] EK E.
́EZE EE M EE EEEE C EEE
E EEQEE
EAE EE
EMEBE : EEZEEUEZEQAZEEEEE
E EME E E EEE
CE BM L EE EEGE E EBM EEG. E E E
- 62 - EEQK
EEMEBE@BMG CE E EEE
EEEA CE EG .
CE EME E E E IEGE CE BM RE EEME EE E EBM L E EEE @EE EEG EK EE CE E EEE EE GE EME AGECEE.
L EME EE E QAM
EMEBE EIBE@EE G
E@ QAM G E E @EA.
L EME E EIBE @EEG
E EEIEG CE CM EBEADE BM L EQAME CEE EK C EE E QAZE EEEE I E E @E EEG
. L EC CM G E EE EAE CMGE EE AG-CEEEAG-EEEE
L @E EME EE EE EAE EGC BM @@G EEE
EEEE EEG (E E @EA G), E EE L @ @EE G , CEE EME E, G E EAEGE L @E E CE E G EMEE @BMLH Z
- 63 - EBER
EC, EGC EG .
EME EE BM L E E EEG E EE EE EI
EEE. E23 E C CM EBEADE EIBE EIK @EE E EE EE @E EME E C EEG EIBE @E G ZEEC. EEEE GE EME AGE EE EE E EEE, @EG A C E CE EMEBE AE, E EE E B IEAE E E EE EEGEE
G EEEEEE.
IEEMEH B @E: EMEH GEE EE EG ED EE EEG (BMD EEGE E E EEEEEB- EE ); EMEH GEE
EE EG JBEE EG ECAE, E, EE L
EE (BMD EEGE E E E EEEE B- AGE E
EGEEEEEE EH EE,
EEIE@L ); EMEH GEE EE EG JBEEEGEE
ME (BMD EEGE E E E EEEE B -
- 64 - EQEEJBEE E CE E EGC EBEM
@EG). D@EE @EG EMEH B , CEE, , E EEGE EG ED E IEAE E E K EE E C G E EQE E EEEEEB EL
. EEE E E BMH EME AGE (EEEE ZE ) BM CEE @ZE C E EZE EE JH EQ E EEEE B EL E EE C EEE EE@EE
EECMGEEEZE E E EZE E EECMGE EEEZEE
E EEEEZEEEEEEEE CMGE FE
CE E FE CE E E EE EE EEZE GI E EKE E CEE EE E EEEE 3.2.2
IEEMEH B E
G EMEE B LH E EE EEB
EECEEEE EBEE EEE G.
݁EEEEEEE, EEE EBEE EEMEEEDEIJE30
EE-EEEEE ҁE
- 65 - EBEEEJ
EEMEEEEE EE
EE , E1.5 1 E. pEEpEEEEE E 120 000, AEE
EME C EEG EBpE E CME EEK EE
720 000 p. Ep E pE EBpE, E pZEE
1800 000 * 0.15 = 270 000 p. сEEM, E EEC pE EBpE E E 450 000 pEE 3.3 GEEEEEE
āE EAE BM IEEBEM EEEEE EA E
A.
E E EE "E E", EEE
EJ EAEEBEE E EE A. 1 HEEEEDG E GEEEE EE "΁E
" GE MEE2
E1000000. E EE EZEEGE
EEEE E E EME EGE EEE
EEEE EE1500000. E
EBEE: E@G "GECE IEE
MEC EEEAE E GEE 2 HEEEEDG E GEEEE EE "΁E
" GE MEE2
E100, EEE"EE
E14.
- 66 - E EEEEQ
EE 14 E E3.3,
EEGEE E EE30000. E EBEE: E@G "ZEIEEE 2 E"
EMEC EEEAE E GEE 3 BEEGEE E E EE @E.
EGE2). BE E EE GEEEEBE
. (. EE 2). 4 FE
EGEE EEEE @E
EEEEE3. ́EEEEEEE E GE
EE MEEN123 EE"E
" E
10000000. EE E EE GEEE EBE (. EGE2) 5 HEEE EMEEH EEEIE"@E L E E". CE EE . (E EER
EE EEEE . EEGE2) 6 HEEE EMEEH EEEIE"@E L E IE. ρEE EEE EE EIK EEZEEG :
1 E E"E
2 EE"E (сE R EEEEGE2)
- 67 - 3.4 CEE@FGE - KAMEEEE N1 - JEGEEE- A EE. - EEEE.ME EEE . N1 - EE GEEE- A EE. [i] - C EEi- GE.
K - ԁEEE EEEE. _ Kmin - EE ECEH EE _ max - EE ECEH EE W[mi] = DEZEEEG. Q[i] - IEEi- GE EEEE. N2 - JEGEEEEEE. Q`[i] - ΁E, EE i-E GE E E. Q1[k] - ED - IEEk- GE
EEE P[k,j] - j-E k-E GE.
M[mi,k] - JE k-E GE Emi-K
EE.
S[k] - ΁EVEE EE k-E GE.
V[j] - GEJ- E.
U[k] - M EE E Ek-E GE.
- 68 -
3.5 сEEE 1. P. E" EBE EEE
E IBM PC,
XT,AT", M., EE, 1992. 2. ݁E 1

CE E
CEEEH EEE
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΁EEEMEEE
CEEIK

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݁E 2

CE E
CEEEH EEE
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CEEÁEH EH
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сEHGEEE

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сEHGEE
сEEE

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݁E 3

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CEEEH EEE
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݁E 4

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݁E 5.

CE E CEEEH EEE
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݁E 7

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݁E 8

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@2011