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Britain in Brief.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland with an

area of 244 000 square miles is situated on the British Isles, which are

separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover

and the English Channel. Britain’s population is over 56 million. Four out

of every five people live in towns. The largest cities of the country are

London, Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, Glasgow and Edinburgh.

The UK is a monarchy: the head of the state is a king or a queen.

In practice, the Sovereign reigns, but does not rule: the UK is governed by

the Government. The present Sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II.

The territory of Great Britain is small. Yet the country has a

wide variety of scenery.

The heart of Britain is England. It is the richest, the most

fertile and most populated in the country. The north and the west of

England are mountainous, but all the rest of territory is a vast plain. In

Northwest England, there are many beautiful lakes with green, wooded or

grassy shores and grey mountains all around.

The smallest of Britain’s countries is Wales. The largest part of

Wales is covered with rocky mountains, which are difficult to climb. Most

people in Wales live in the coastal plains.

Scotland is a land of mountains, wild moorlands, narrow valleys

and plains, famous lakes and no end of large and small islands. The

Highlands of Scotland are among the oldest mountains in the world. One-

third of the people in Scotland

live in or near its capital, Edinburgh, and its great industrial

center, Glasgow.

The capital of Great Britain, London, stands on the Thames. The

Thames is the busiest and the most important river in Great Britain, but it

is not very long. The climate of Great Britain is mild.