Конверсионное словообразование прилагательных цветообозначения. Методика преподавния в нач.классах

Contents.

I. Introduction_______________________________2.

II. Theoretical part___________________________4.

III. Practical part_____________________________32.

IV. Conclusion______________________________36.

V. Bibliography_____________________________37.

VI. Appendix I______________________________39.

VII. Appendix II_____________________________40.

VIII. Appendix III____________________________43.

IX. Appendix IV_____________________________46.

X. Appendix V ______________________________48.

XI. Appendix VI_____________________________51.

XII. Appendix VII____________________________53.

I. Introduction.

This diploma paper is the logic continuation of course paper. The choice of

a theme of this paper is caused by the small studying of this question by

way of teaching it in primary school. The word-formation, as one of

branches of lexicon, is a difficult and volumetric question, therefore

requires the careful studying. The basic theme of this paper is the

question on conversion, as the most productive way of a word-formation

however the other kinds of formation of new words: prefix and suffix word-

formation, also are mentioned. The special place is allocated for

productivity of adjectives of a colourmarking. Having the rather large

ability to formation the new words it is interesting the fact, that formed

from them by any of ways of a word, it is more often nouns, formed on

conversion, have a tendency to enter into the structure of various

phraseologies, phraseological word combinations, that speaks about

connection between phraseological and word-formation systems of the

language.

The paper consists of two basic parts: theoretical and practical ones,

which examine one problems, but from the different corners of sight. The

theoretical part includes some subitems. At first it is necessary to tell

some words about the term "word", which is the main one in the paper and

should be definite. The term "word" is taken to denote the smallest

independent unit of speech susceptible of being used in isolation. Also it

is impossible to disregard the definition of the field of word-formation.

The mention about affix (suffix and prefix) word-formation in the paper is

not casual, the conversion is more productive way, in comparison with them,

because the formation of new words on conversion is possible practically

from any part of speech, including prepositions and proper names. Speaking

about the abilities to a word-formation of colourmarking adjectives, it is

necessary to note three ways, on which this process passes: The suffix,

conversion word-formation and the word addition way , though the more often

English language prefers a word combination. Also the formation of

derivative verbs on conversion is typical for the English language.

Having analysed some courses of studying the foreign language it was

interesting to find out, that the conversion is not mentioned at all there,

though, being one of the most productive ways of a word-formation, could

be a good way of updating the child’s active and passive vocabulary. Taking

into account the opportunities, which are given by the knowledge of this

way of formation the new words, it is easy to estimate a role of studying

this material at school, it is natural that the beginning of presenting

some items of this phenomenon to children is necessary to start from that

moment, as soon as the children would have the sufficient lexical base for

this purpose. It is possible to consider the third year of training as the

most successful moment for the beginning of presenting the essence of this

phenomenon to children. For confirmation of this hypothesis three

experiments were spent: ascertaining, forming and control ones, with group

of children studying the English the third year. By the purpose of all

these experiments was to establish: have the children a representation

about this phenomenon, can they acquire the offered information, is it

possible to develop the skill of using such words in their speech .

It would be desirable to note the works of some authors, which were

used in this work, such as: “English word-formation” by L. Bauer, “The

categories and types of present day word-formation” by H. Marchand, “The

word-formation abilities of colourmarking adjectives in modern German

languages” by M. Jirmunskaya.

II. Theoretical part.

The term «word».

The term «word» should be defined. It is taken to denote the smallest

independent, indivisible unit of speech, susceptible of being used in

isolation. A word may have a heavy stress, thought, some never take one.

To preceding the ‘infinitive’ never has a heavy stress, but it is a word as

it can be separated from the verbal stem by an adverb (as in to carefully

study). A composite may have two heavy stresses so long as it is not

analyzable as a syntactic group. There is a marked tendency in English to

give prefixes full stress thought they do not exist as independent words.

Indivisible composites such as arch-enemy, crypto-communist, unlucky,

therefore are morphological units whereas combination, like stone, wall,

gold watch, are syntactic groups. As for the criterion of indivisibility,

it is said that the article a is a word as IT can interpolate words between

article and substantive (a nice man, a very nice man, an exceptionally

gifted man). But a as in aglitter can’t be separated from the verb stem

with which it forms a group and therefore is not a free morpheme (word).

With regard to the criterion of usability, it must not be assumed that all

words can be used by themselves, in isolation. It is in the very nature of

determiners like the article the to be used in conjunction with the word

they determiners.

Definition of the field of word-formation.

Word-formation is that branch of the science of language which studies

the patterns on which a language forms new lexical units, i.e. words. Word-

formation can only treat of composites which are analyzable both formally

and semantically. The study of the simple words, therefore, insofar as it

is an , unmotivated sign, has no please in it. It is a lexical matter. A

composite rests on a relationship between morphemes though which it is

motivated. By this token, do-er, un-do, rain-bow are relevant to word-

formation, but do, rain, bow are not.

Conversion.

Conversion is the change in form class of a form without any

corresponding change of form. Thus the change whereby the form napalm,

which has been used exclusively as a noun, came to be as a verb (They

decided to napalm the village) is a case of conversion.

The exact status of conversion within word-formation is unclear.

For some scholars (Marchand/10/) conversion is a brunch of derivation, for

others (Koziol /Marchand/10/) it is a separate type of word-formation, on a