Реферат: Американский философ Ричард Рорти (RTF)
Aia?eeaineee oeeinio ?e/a?ae ?i?oe yaeyaony iaeiie ec iaeaieaa caiaoiuo
ee/iinoae a oeeinioneie aeecie Aia?eee 20-ai aaea. Ii ?iaeeeny a 1931
aiaeo, naia aoiaeaeaiea a oeeinioeth ia/ae n eco/aiey niaeoeyoeaiie
oeeinioee A.Oaeooaaea, iaoaoeeinioneie e enoi?aia?aoe/aneie eiioeaioeee
?.Iaeeaiia. I?ioae oeieo aiaeeoe/aneie oeeinioee, oi?ioi onaiee aa
o?iee, e ia?aua aai ?aaiou ii i?iaeaia niciaiey n iiceoeee
yeeieiaoeaiiai iaoa?eaeecia auiieiaiu a oa?aeoa?iii aeey iaa noeea e
oaoieea. Iiaeaioiaea aioieiaee Eeiaaenoe/aneee ia?aai?io (1967a.) e
iaienaiea i?aaeeneiaey e iae, aaea ii iiiuoaeny ?acia?aoueny a
cia/eiinoe iiceoeaenonei-eeiaaenoe/aneeo iiaaoeee aeey ia?ai?eaioaoeee
nia?aiaiiie iunee, yaeeenue iiai?ioiuie aaoaie a aai oai?/anoaa,
iaoaoeeinioneay i?iaeaiaoeea i?i/ii auaeaeaaaony ia ia?aue ieai.
Niaoeeoeea iaoaoeeinioee o?aaiaaea ?anniio?aiey nia?aiaiiie iunee a
aieaa oe?ieii aeeaiaciia. ?i?oe aaeao a Aa?iio, oaeaeaaony eaeayie
I.Oaeaeaaaa?a, I.Ooei, AE.Aea??eaea, A.Aeaeaia?a, o/anoaoao a
aeeneonneyo iinoiiaea?ienoia, aeaeiino?oeoeaenoia, aa?iaiaaoeeia. Eoiaii
aai ?aciuoeaiee yaeeanue eieaa Oeeinioey e ca?eaei i?e?iaeu,
i?aaenoaaeythuay niaie ianne?iaaiioth aoaeo ia eaeath
oeeinioee-eae-yienoeiaieiaee. Iaeiia?aiaiii ii iuoaaony iaaanoe iinou
iaaeaeo aa?iiaeneie e aia?eeaineie o?aaeeoeeyie. Iineaaeiaa iio?aaiaaei
aieaa aeeceiai ciaeiinoaa n aia?eeaineei ianeaaeeai. Iia?oceaoenue a
iaai ii iiiaia aeey naay iaoiaeeo, i?aaeaea anaai, o Oeeueyia Aeaeaina e
Aeaeiia Aeuethe (iineaaeiee ieaaeao ia?iiiia aeeyiea ia ana aai
aeaeueiaeoaa oai?/anoai). I?iieeioaoenue eaeayie iaii?aaiaoecia, a
oaeaea iaoiaeynue iiae caiaoiui aeeyieai Aeoaaiooaeia e
iinoiiaea?ienoneeo eaeae, ii aunooiaao n e?eoeeie aeaaeaie/aneie
o?aaeeoeee, i?aaeaea anaai aiaeeoe/aneie, ainiiaenoaothuae a
aiaeiycu/iii ie?a. Aiaoia yoi au?aceeinue a ooiaea n oeeinioneie
eaoaae?u ia eaoaae?o aoiaieoa?enoeee. A oaeaea a eaeaioeoeeaoeee naiae
aeayoaeueiinoe eae aeai?a eeoa?aoo?iie e?eoeee, eioi?ue, eae ii
iieaaaao, aieueoa niioaaonoaoao niuneo oeeinioee. Aiiaua acaeyaeu ?i?oe
ia e?eoeeo oeeinioneeo o/aiee aeiaieueii i?eaeiaeueiu, iaeeo/oei
niiniaii e?eoe/aneiai i?i/oaiey ii n/eoaao, oae iacuaaaiue,
i?aaiaoe/aneee iaoiae ?aeiioaenooaeecaoeee e aeaeeo anao e?eoeeia ia o?e
eaoaai?ee. Oneeey o?aoueani?oiiai e?eoeea iau/ii iai?aaeaiu ia
ecaea/aiea anaaiciiaeiuo auaiaeia ec ?eoi?eee e?eoeeoaiiai iuneeoaey e
caueoo noaoon-eai io ei??oiie?othuaai aeeyiey yoeo auaiaeia,
aoi?ini?oiue e?eoee iiaeaa?aaao oai?/anoai ?anniao?eaaaiiai ei iuneeoaey
naiaioe/aneiio aiaeeco n oeaeueth auyaeaiey aeaoniuneaiiinoae,
iayniinoae, i?ieai?a/ee e.o.i. ia?aini?oiue nin?aaeina/eaaaony ia
iioeiaeueiie aa?nee, ia ia?auay aieiaiey ia aeu?u a a?aoiaioao. Ii
iiaeao ia ?acaeaeyoue acaeyaeia e?eoeeoaiiai, ioiineony e iei eae e
/oaeaeui, no?ieoue naie nianoaaiiue ia?ac, iaeiaei ia aeiioneaao
oi?aeia, /oi ii iuneeo ia oae, a oai aieaa ia no?aieony ia?aoeoue a
naith aa?o.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ?e/a?ae ?i?oe yaeyaony i?ioanni?ii aoiaieoa?enoeee a
Ae?aeaeeineii oieaa?neoaoa (NOA). Iiiaea ?anniao?eaatho aai eae naiaai
?iaea aiciooeoaey niieienoaey a aeaaeaie/aneie oeeinioee NOA. Ii
iaeiia?aiaiii yaeyaony, eae iaeiei ec iaeaieaa /eoaaiuo, oae e iaeaieaa
e?eoeeoaiuo aaoi?ia. Aeyaeae Oiee, iaienaaoee eieao ?e/a?ae ?i?oe:
i?i?ie e iiyo iiaiai i?aaiaoecia e oi?ioi ciathuee neooaoeeth a
aia?eeaineie oeeinioee, ii yoiio iiaiaeo ieoao: Iaei eiio ec nia?aiaiiuo
iuneeoaeae naienoaaiia oaeay ia?aaeienaeueiinoue, eae ?i?oe. Ianiio?y ia
?aciiniua ?aoeaicee a einoeoooeeiiaeueiuo aeo?iaeao Iueth-Ei?ea e
Eiiaeiia, aai ioia/aiiua y?oaeeoeeae e noaayuea iaoaeiaiua aii?inu
?aaiou i?iaeathony a oaeeo eiee/anoaao, /oi cae?aaeuaaaony iiaeic?aiea,
/oi iiiaea eieeaae-oeeiniou, iiiinyuea aai ioaee/ii, iaaaeeia n niaie,
oae neacaoue, iiae iaeayeii e i?e naaoa oiia?eea, aeaaeii /eoatho aai
eieae.
Naiae aeayoaeueiinoueth ?i?oe no?aieony niinianoaiaaoue ?aaeeeaeueiiio
ia?aniio?o acaeyaeia ia naio oeeinioeth. Oeeinioey ?i?oe yoi ia iiene
enoeiu, a ?acaiai? e eiiioieeaoeey. A eieaa Oeeinioey e ca?eaei i?e?iaeu
ii ienae: Aeaeaoue a iiaeaea?aeaiee ?acaiai?a naiiaeinoaoi/ioth oeaeue
oeeinioee e oniao?eaaoue niune ioae?inoe a niiniaiinoe aai
iiaeaea?aeaiey - cia/eo aeaeaoue a /aeiaa/aneeo nouanoaao aaia?aoi?ia
iiauo iienaiee, iaaeaee ethaeae, io eioi?uo neaaeoao aeaeaoue oi/iua
iienaiey. Ia?ai?eaioaoeey n iiciaiey enoeiu ia ?acaiai? e eiiioieeaoeeth
iiaee au nicaeaoue iniiao aeey eciaiaiey ia?aca oeeinioee e
ooaa?aeaeaiey a aeecie iiaie oeeinioneie eaeaieiaee, iino?iaiiie ia ia
iauaeoeaiinoe, a ia e?iiee e nieeaea?iinoe. Oeaeue
aeaeiino?oeoeaenoneiai i?iaeoa noi?ioee?iaaia ?i?oe neaaeothuei ia?acii:
...Iiaei?aaoue aeiaa?ea /eoaoaey e niciaieth eae e /aio-oi, i /ai
neaaeoao eiaoue oeeinioneia iiaiea, e ciaieth, i /ai iaaeeaaeeo eiaoue
iie?athuothny ia ooiaeaiaiou oai?eth, e e oeeinioee, eaeie iia
i?aaenoaaeyaony iinea Eaioa.
A 1981 aiaeo a noaouea Oeeinioey a Aia?eea naaiaeiy ?i?oe iaa?inae
iauee ii?o?ao ninoiyiey oeeinioee a NOA, niaeanii eioi?iio aia?eeaineay
oeeinioey aeieaeia aeaeaaoueny io aiaeeoe/aneie e iinoaiaeeoe/aneie
o?aaeeoeee. Ii iaiiiiee, /oi A.?aeoaiaao, iaeei ec yiea?aioia,
ioaaonoaaiiuo ca eiii?o iaiiiceoeaecia a NOA, a 1951 aiaeo a ?aaioa
Iiaeuai aiaeeoe/aneie oeeinioee auneacae oaaaeaeaiea, /oi n nicaeaieai
nia?aiaiiuo eiae/aneeo n?aaenoa oeeinioey oaa?aei acyea eo?n io
niaeoeyoeee e iaoea. A oi a?aiy oae aeoiaee iiiaea. I?aaenoaaeaiea i
eiaeea eae i nouanoaa oeeinioneiai ciaiey, i iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?eaioaoeee
ia iaoeo, i oii, /oi ianooiaao aae Aiaeeca, i?aa?aoeeinue ni a?aiaiai a
naiaai ?iaea eaeaieiae/aneoth aeiieiaioo ia anao eaoaae?ao i?anoeaeiuo
oieaa?neoaoia NOA.
Iaeiaei ia/oa aiaeeoe/aneeo oeeinioia i iao/iinoe, n/eoaao ?i?oe,
iino?iaia ia aa?a a aiciiaeiinoue iainiiaaiey ciaiey. Iiaeii neacaoue,
/oi iia ninoaaeyao noa?aeaiue, na?aeoeaaeio eaeaieiaee ooiaeaiaioaeecia,
ii ae?oaiio eaeaieiaee aa?eoeeaoeeiiecia eee ii?aaaeaoaeueiinoe.
Aeaaiia, /oi, ii iiaieth ?i?oe, oa?aeoa?ecoao nia?aiaiioth yiioo, - yoi
e?ao ooiaeaiaioaeecia. I?iaae aa?eoeeaoeeiienoneie no?aoaaee
iaiiiceoeaenoia ia aue /anoiie iaoaea/ae iaeiie ec /anoiuo oai?ee. Ii
naeaeaoaeuenoaiaae i iaaiciiaeiinoe iainiiaaiey ciaiey aiiaua, i oii,
/oi ieaoiiianei-aeaea?oianei-eaioianeay o?aaeeoeey ?oeiaiaenoaiaaeanue
ieoii - aa?eea a Enoeio.
Aeeaaiic ?i?oe /aoie: aiaeeoe/aneay oeeinioey ioaeaeaaony a oa?aiee.
Ea/eoue ioaeii, i?aaeaea anaai, io aiinaieiaecia - ianeaaenoaaiiie
aieacie aa?iiaeneie oeeinioee. I?e yoii ?i?oe caia/aao: ...ss ia eiath
aaeaeo, /oi aiaeeoe/aneay oeeinioey - ieioay aauue eee iaoiaeeony a
ieioii ninoiyiee. Aiaeeoe/aneee noeeue y n/eoath oi?ioei noeeai ... ss
oi/o neacaoue oieueei neaaeothuaa: aiaeeoe/aneay oeeinioey noaiiaeony -
i?aaeony yoi ae eee iao - iaeei aeaeii aeenoeeieeiu, eioi?oth iiaeii
iaeoe a ae?oaeo iaeanoyo aoiaieoa?enoeee - a aeaia?oaiaioao, aaea
i?aoaicee ia no?iainoue e iao/iue noaoon iaiaa i/aaeaeiu. Iaaeaeo oai
ii?iaeueiay aeeciue a yoeo aeenoeeieeiao oaeay aea, eae a eneonnoaa eee
ooaeiaeanoaaiiie eeoa?aoo?a. Oaeei ia?acii, ?i?oe i?aaeeaaaao i?iecaanoe
ia?aioeaieo noaoonia: ia?anoaoue n/eoaoue i?aoaiaeothuoth ia iao/iinoue
oeeinioeth i?ei?eoaoiie ii n?aaiaieth n oie, eioi?ay ia yoi ia
i?aoaiaeoao. A aieaa neeueiii niunea oa?aiey icia/aao ia i?inoi
o?aaieaaiea noaoonia iao/iie e eeoa?aoo?iie oeeinioee e ia oieueei
eciaiaiea oeeinioneie eaeaieiaee, ii e aiiaua ioeac i?eienuaaoue
iiiyoeyi oeeinioneia ciaiea, iao/iia ciaiea eaeie-eeai niune
iauaeoeaiinoe. ?i?oe ia i?aaeeaaaao ionaeaoue io oeeinioee eaeea-oi
aeaeu aeayoaeueiinoe. Iaiyoue /oi-oi a oeeinioneii caeaiee ia ioaeii,
iiaeii inoaaeoue ana eae anoue. Aaeeinoaaiiia, /oi o?aaoaony, -
?ac?ooeoue i?aaenoaaeaiea, /oi o yoiai caeaiey anoue ooiaeaiaio. *oi
nouanoaotho eaeea-oi aeaiiua, oaeinoiaa?ythuea oeeinioneia ciaiea,
e?eoa?ee ?acee/aiey enoeiiiai e eiaeiiai.
?i?oe i?aaeoi?aaeaeaao, /oi iniciaiea oiai /oi o caeaiey iao
anoanoaaiiuo ooiaeaiaioia, /oi oeeinioey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ycueiaoth
ea?o, - ia iiaiae aeey ieaeeenoe/aneeo auaiaeia e io/ayiey; oeeinioey
iiaeao auoue aiieia aeecianiiniaiie e i?ioeaaoathuae iaeanoueth
eoeueoo?u, anee aac aiinaieiae/aneeo i?aoaicee aoaeao ?aaioaoue i?inoi
eae aeai? eeoa?aoo?u eee eeoa?aoo?iie e?eoeee, o.a. ia neiaaiiiai
aeanoeeie aeaaeaie/aneeie eaiiiaie, iieuecothuaainy iaoaoi?e/aneei
iiyoe/aneei ycueii iiaanoaiaaiey. A yoii neo/aa aianoi eiaeee e
aiinaieiaee aoaeao caeioa?aniaaiiue ?acaiai?, a aianoi oai?aoe/aneiai
niaeaney ii iiaiaeo oiai, /oi n/eoaoue enoeiiui, - nieeaea?iinoue
ianiecia?eiuo e ia ?aaeooee?oaiuo aa?iaaiee.
Ae?oaay oaia, iiieii ?iee aiaeeoe/aneie oeeinioee, iaiaei aieiiaaaoay
?e/a?aea ?i?oe - yoi oeeinioey niciaiey. A 1952 aiaeo ?i?oe iioaeeeiaae
noaoueth I?iaeaia aeooiaiiai e oaeaniiai, i?eaaoiinoue e eaoaai?ee".
Iaienaiiay a aiaeeoe/aneie iaia?a, noaouey i?aneaaeiaaea iieaie/aneoth
oeaeue: iieacaoue oycaeiinoue iieo/eaoeo e oiio a?aiaie iiioey?iinoue
aioeaeoaeenoe/aneeo no?aoaaee iauyniaiey niciaiey - aeoaai?ecia,
?aaeoeoeaiiai iaoa?eaeecia e ae?. Oycaeiinoue aeaeaeanue ia noieueei a
aeaoaeoao a?aoiaioaoeee, neieueei a nio?aiaiee eaoaai?ee niciaiey, a
i?eiyoee neiaini/aoaiey aeooiaiia-oaeaniia ca iiaeeeiioth i?iaeaio e a
iiiuoeao ?aoaoue aa. Auaiae aue eaoaai?e/ai: i?iaeaia aeieaeia ia
?aoaoueny, a ono?aiyoueny. Aii?in ioaeii noaaeoue ia i ?aaeoeoeee ycuea
ineoieiaee e ycueo oeceee, eae yoi i?aaeeaaaee iaiiiceoeaenou, e ia a
oiaeaeanoaa auneacuaaiee i iaioaeueiiie auneacuaaieyi i oece/aneii, eae
yoi i?aaeeiaeeee oai?aoeee oiaeaeanoaa, a i niciaiee eae i ia
nouanoaothuae nouiinoe. Aeaaiui o ?i?oe oeao?e?iaae enoi?eoeenoneee
a?aoiaio: iaioaeueiay iioieiaey noieue aea a?oae/ia, eae e iioieiaey
n?aaeiaaaeiaiai /aeiaaea iauyniyaoaai, iai?eia?, ineoe/aneoth aieaciue
aicaeaenoaeai aaaeuei e ia/enouo nee. Iaioaeueiua oa?ieiu, n iiiiuueth
iaicia/aaony iaeioi?ia O eee niciaiea, oaeea, eae aa?iaaiey, aeaeaiey,
aieue, ?aaeinoue e ae?., - yoi ia?aaeeoee onoa?aaoaai ycuea. Iiaeiaii
oiio eae ycue aaaeuei aue caiaiai ycueii nia?aiaiiie iaaeeoeeiu, ycue
aeoeiee - oeieae, ano?ieiaee - ano?iiiieae, iaioaeenoneee ycue ni
a?aiaiai aoaeao caiaiai ycueii iaoee. Ii iiaieth ?i?oe iiyaeaiea a
eaeneeiia oeeinioee iiiyoee: aeooiaiay e oaeaniay noanoaioeee, niciaiea,
eioa?aeoeey, ?ai?acaioaoeey, eiooeoeey, iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeaiiia
niciaieth - neaaenoaea enoi?e/aneeo neo/aeiinoae, ecia?aoaiiie
iaeiaaeaeu ycueiaie ea?u. Ea?a i?eoeanue ii aeono eioaeaeooaeai,
neeiiiui e oeeinioee, e iie oaeaeeenue niaa?oainoaiaaieai i?aaee ea?u,
i?eaeoiuaay e ?aciiia?acy aa oaoie/aneee aea?aii. Oi ianoiyoaeuenoai,
/oi a iaa i?iaeieaeatho ea?aoue nia?aiaiiua eioaeeaeooaeu, - ?acoeueoao
einiinoe aeaaeaie/aneeo o?aaeeoeee.
Neacaiiia auoa ia iniiaiuo iai?aaeaieyo oeeinioneie aeayoaeueiinoe
?e/a?aea ?i?oe iicaieyao noaeeoue i iai eae i?aaenoaaeoaea aeiaieueii
?aaeeiai oeia iuneeoaeae iaoaoeeinioneiai oieea, e i?e yoii io/aoeeai
au?aaeaiiie aeaeiino?oeoeaenoneie iai?aaeaiiinoe. Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi
eiino?oeoeaiua ca?ia a aai o?oaeao i?eoiaeeony eneaoue n?aaee iaeiieia
?ac?ooeoaeueiie ?aaiou, aeeyiea e oeaiiinoue aai aeayoaeueiinoe aeey
?acaeoey oeeinioneie iunee o?oaeii ia?aioeaieoue. E aai caneoaa aeaeeony
ia a oii, ii aucaae o eiai-oi ?anoa?yiiinoue e iaoaa?aiiinoue a caaea/ao
oeeinioee, a a oii, /oi i?aaeeiaeaiiue ei i?iaieaoeaiue ia?ac oeeinioee
iiaoaeee oeeinioia ?aoeeiiaeenoia i?iaeoiuaaoue caiiai iinueee, eneaoue
eiio?a?aoiaiou, iaiiaeyoue naie a?naiae, /oi, a eiia/iii n/aoa, neoaeeo
aeey inouanoaeaiey iiauo eiino?oeoeaiuo caaea/.
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